Government measures to further stimulation of small entrepreneurship

In addition, an important place in the government support of SE takes Entrepreneurship Development Fund "Damu". JSC "Small Entrepreneurship Development Fund" was established August 18, 1997 by the government of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The main objective of creation of  Fund: encourage the formation and economic growth of SSE) in the Republic of Kazakhstan, more efficient use of financial resources of the state, which directed on support small business. In late 2007, it was renamed JSC "Entrepreneurship Development Fund" Damu ". From the financial institute the Fund was transformed into the operator, which manage the assets of funds, which allocated by the state. Today the Fund "Damu" - a national institute of development, 100% owned by JSC "National Fund" Samruk-Kazyna ". Fund, promoting quality development of SE and microfinance organizations of Kazakhstan, acts as an integrator and operator of providing financial and consulting services.

The main support mechanism, implemented in the context of the Program - placement of funds (120 bln tg) through commercial banks to ensure the needs of the SE sector in credit resources   at preferential interest rates. 

At the moment, the Fund "Damu" implemented 17 programs. The most basic of them:

1) Programs of the stipulated placement of funds in commercial banks for on-lending SSE. It is implemented by providing to commercial banks financial resources by the Fund (funding) on the specific (targeted and restrictive) conditions for the following lending of SEE.

2) The program of support the subjects of private entrepreneurship, engaged in the manufacturing - "Damu-Өndіrіs"

In the context of the Program the funds of  JSC " Stressed Assets Fund " in the amount of 18 billion tenge are placed on deposits of commercial banks for following  financing / refinancing the projects of private enterprises subjects (hereinafter -PES), engaged in the manufacturing industry. Partner banks involved in the financing of own funds in a ratio of 70:30 (70% - funds of JSC “Stressed Assets Fund ", 30% - fundss of participating banks). [40]

3) The "Entrepreneurship Support Center" (hereinafter -ESC) Program (2010).

Carrying out the creation of entrepreneurship support centers, whose tasks include: rendering of consulting services with the possibility of its obtaining in one place, rendering range of services in marketing and management spheres, rendering of services in development investment and business projects, carrying out seminars, trainings, etc. In a word, in the ESC entrepreneurs really receive valuable information about the instruments of government support of entrepreneurship and free consultations on management of the business.

In 2012, were opened two ESC - in Almaty and Shymkent. During this time, its were asked more than 3,600 entrepreneurs, who received more than 4,800 consultations. In this case, most of the services in ESC are free. In a short time its will be opened in other regional centers of the country, and in Astana. . In addition to these two cities, ESC were opened in 19 monotowns - Zhezkazgan, Balkhash, Saran, Karazhan, Arkalyk, Zhetykara, Zyryanovsk etc. (Monotown - settlement, economic activities which are closely associated with a single enterprise or a group of tightly integrated with each other enterprises).

4) Monotowns development program for 2012-2020.

Currently in Kazakhstan there are 27 monotowns. The objectives of this program include: increasing the number of active small enterprises in monotowns in 2 times, increasing the volume of industrial production in monotowns not less to 20%, economic diversification and development of small entrepreneurship, increasing the mobility of labor resources in monotowns, etc. From the national budget for this program were provided 38 200,0 mln tg for 2013.

To this date, the Fund “Damu” is government institute of development, through which the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan implements the policy of support and development  of small business.

In addition, the Government has developed and adopted the 'Employment Program - 2020 ", aimed at increasing the income of the population by promoting sustainable and productive employment. For the implementation of the program were created 204 employment center. According to the Ministry of Labour and Social Security, he total number of persons who have applied on issues participation in the program was for the 2012 - 82 thousand people. The number of the participants, who signed the social contract, over 59.3% - young people under 29 (33 thousand). According to the Statistics Agency, the unemployment rate fell from 5.8% in 2010 to 5.4% in December 2011. In this case, the number of employees increased from 8 144 200 to 8 466 000 people. On the program "Employment Program - 2020"  , from the national budget for 2012 were allocated - 50.6 billion tenge (by 10.4 bln. tg. more than in 2011). The further implementation of the "Employment Program - 2020" in the national budget for 2013-2014 envisaged: in 2013 - 71.6 billion tenge., In 2014 - 71.9 billion tenge. Conducted by the Government of the country's activities in the "Employment Program 2020" had a positive impact on the labor market situation in the country. [41]

  Also for the modernization of large, medium and small enterprises and the creation of new industries in 2011 was launched a new program, which called "Productivity - 2020". The main task - the modernization of the existing production and management processes, technologies, industry and management cycles and the creation of new competitive industries. The document target indicators are the increase of labor productivity in the manufacturing industry in 1.5 times in 2015 and in 2 times – in 2020. Today, more than 200 companies, representing 12 industries, take a pat in this initiative, were launched 27 projects, totaling more than 40 billion tenge.

In general, programs for SE support are effective and substantial. It is visible that in developing of these  programs were considered the actual problems of entrepreneurship, therefore, dialogue with entrepreneurs was arranged. It is pleasant developers of the program quickly respond to the suggestions and requests of representatives of SMEs.

2.3 Problems in development of small business