Medical education in USA

Semey State Medical University

The chair of Kazakh and foreign languages

      

 

                          

           SIW

      Theme: “ Medical education in USA”                                 

 

 

 

 

 

                                 Performed by :Ospanova A

                                         107 gr.                                                                                 

                                 Сheked by: Adilkhanov O.A

                                                 

 

                                                                   

 

 

 

                                                                                                         

                            Semey 2014

                   Plan

 

 

1. Introduction

2. Undergraduate Education

3. Medical School

4. Residency Program

5. Fellowship

6. Literature

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

                      Introduction

     

   In the USA the young man who has the secondary must pass through seven or eight years of hard study before he begins his work as a doctor.

   First he has three or four years of premedical training at a university. Here he learns the main sciences. Only those students who show good results in their premedical training can become candidates for higher medical education. Those who do not continue their education can work as nurses.

   The higher medical education is difficult. The students must study four years in the medical faculty of the university. During the first two years the student masters laboratory sciences. To learn the structure of the human body the student studies Anatomy. The student must get deep knowledge of biological chemistry because it is the basis for clinical laboratory diagnosis and therapy.

   The student learns the functions of the body theoretically from books and by laboratory experiments in classes of Physiology.

   In the USA the curriculum of medical faculties, has such a subject as Psychology which teaches the student to deal with patients and understand human behavior.

   The student learns all other theoretical subjects such as Pharmacology and Pathologic Physiology before he begins to treat a patient.

   In his third and fourth years the student gets instruction and practical experience in the treatment and care of the patient. During these years the student has the possibility to work at the hospital and learn must of main medical procedures  and different diseases to be well for his work. 

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Medical Education in the United States

undergraduate education, medical school, and graduate medical education (the term graduate medical education [GME] includes residency and fellowship training; the American Medical Association does not use the term "postgraduate education"):

• Undergraduate Education--4 years at a college or university to earn a BS or BA degree, usually with a strong emphasis on basic sciences, such as biology, chemistry, and physics (some students may enter medical school with other areas of emphasis).
• Medical School (undergraduate medical education) -- 4 years at one of the LCME-accredited US medical schools, consisting of preclinical and clinical parts. After completing medical school, students earn their doctor of medicine degrees (MDs), although they must complete additional training before practicing on their own as a physician. (Note: Some physicians receive a doctor of osteopathic medicine [DO] degree from a college of osteopathic medicine.)
• Residency Program (graduate medical education) -- Through a national matching program, newly graduated MDs enter into a residency program that is 3 to 7 years or more of professional training under the supervision of senior physician educators. The length of residency training varies depending on the specialty chosen: family practice, internal medicine, and pediatrics, for example, require 3 years of training; general surgery requires 5 years. (Some refer to the first year of residency as an "internship"; the AMA no longer uses this term.)
• Fellowship -- 1 to 3 years of additional training in a subspecialty is an option for some doctors who want to become highly specialized in a particular field, such as gastroenterology, a subspecialty of internal medicine and of pediatrics, or child and adolescent psychiatry, a subspecialty of psychiatry.

After completing his or her undergraduate, medical school, and graduate medical education, a physician still must obtain a license to practice medicine from a state or jurisdiction of the United States in which they are planning to practice. They apply for the permanent license after completing a series of exams and completing a minimum number of years of graduate medical education.

The majority of physicians also choose to become board certified, which is an optional, voluntary process. Certification ensures that the doctor has been tested to assess his or her knowledge, skills, and experience in a specialty and is deemed qualified to provide quality patient care in that specialty. There are 2 levels of certification through 24 specialty medical boards -- doctors can be certified in 36 general medical specialties and in an additional 88 subspecialty fields. Most certifications must be renewed after 6 to 10 years, depending on the specialty.

Learning does not end when physicians complete their residency or fellowship training. Doctors continue to receive credits for continuing medical education, and some states require a certain number of CME credits per year to ensure the doctor's knowledge and skills remain current. CME requirements vary by state, by professional organizations, and by hospital medical staff organizations.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Literature:

1.Essential English fir medical students by A.M.Maslova

2. www.google.ru