Отличия между британским и американским английским

Автор работы: Пользователь скрыл имя, 16 Марта 2014 в 21:55, статья

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Приняв решение начать изучение английского языка, многие сталкиваются с вопросом, какому варианту отдать предпочтение – британскому или американскому? Нельзя однозначно ответить, какой из этих языков правильный, какой необходимо учить в первую очередь. Всё зависит от цели, которую ставит перед собой человек. Если знание языка требуется для того, чтобы общаться с партнерами по бизнесу, живущими в США, тогда, разумеется, надо приложить усилия к изучению базового американского английского. Если же человек планирует уехать на постоянное место жительства в Великобританию, то в таком случае выбор должен пасть на классический британский язык.
Всего три века назад существовал только один вид английского языка, на нем говорили жители Туманного Альбиона.

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ном порядке).

4. Образование(начните перечень  с указания последнего учебного  заве-

дения,которое вы окончили, и в обратном порядке).

5. Личные данные

6. Рекомендации

В ряде случаев полезно привести краткое описание опыта и достижений.

Даты начала и окончания работы в том или ином учрежденииили годы учебы

в институтах или университетах могут быть указаны либо слева перед соот-

ветствующим названием, либоо после него .

Приведем несколько образцов резюме,полностью отвечающих предъявляемым

требованиям.

 

Alexander Bermann

376 West 186th Street,Apartment #6-3

New york, N.Y. 10033

Tel.(212) 973-6792

 

OBJECTIVE A position as a mechanical engieer

 

SUMMARY 15 years varied experience in mechanical engi-

neering.Designed and developed both autoatic and

spesial machines. Installed machinery and eguip-

ment. Familiar with use of industrial engineerig

technigues and machine shop practices.

EXPERIMENCE BROWN MMANUFACTURING Co

1986-1988 Paterson,N.J.

Design Enginneer. Planed and designed both auto-

matic and special machines, instrumental system,

and pneumatics .

 

1974-1986 KHARKOV MACHINE WORKS

Kharkov,USSR.

Design Engineer at the Automationn Department

Designed various automatic machines.

Installed machinery and eguipment

 

EDUCATION KRARKOV POLYTECHIC INSTITUTE.

1969-1974 Kharkov,USSR

M.S. in Mechanical Engineering.

 

PERSONAL Arrived in the Uited States August 1989.

Permmanent US residet.

Married,two children.

 

REFERENNCES Furnished uponn reguest

 

mechanical engineer инженер-механик

varied experiece разнообразный опыт

to design проектировать

design конструкция

to develop развивать;здесь:разрабатывать

to istall устанавливать

eguipment оборудование

familiar with знакоом с

machine shop механический цех

automation department отдел автоматизации

design engineer инженер-конструктор

various разный

to furnish снабжать

furnished здесь:представляться

upon request по прозьбе

 

Semyon segal

64-39 108 Street,Apt.4-D

Forest Hills, N.Y. 11375

Tel.:(718) 459-2330

 

OBJECTIVE A position as an accountant with emphasis

on financial planning annd genneral accoun-

ting functionns.

 

SUMMARY Experienced accounnting professionnal who

works well under pressure, has good oral and

written communication skills, knowledge of

computers and administrative abilities.

 

QUALIFICATIONS Kept all books of account, general ledgers,

and balance sheets at the of fiscal year,

prepared financial statements.

 

EXPERIENCE BUSINESS SERVICES,Inc

Flushing, N.Y. 1978-1988.

Position:Bookkeeper.

Duties:Prepared accounts payable, accounts

receivable and financial statements, handied

cash and keptchecking receipts, kept all

books of account, general ledgers and balans

sheets.

 

Publishing House PROGRESS

Moscow, USSA 1972-1977.

Positionn:Assistant Bookkeeper

Duties:Prepared accouts payable and accounts

receivable.

 

EDUCATION PLEKHANOV INSTITUTE,Department of Economics.

Moscou,USSR.Degree: MA in economics.

1966-1971

 

PERSONAL Arrived in the United states June,1978.

Naturalized US citizenn-October5,1985

Married,one child.

 

REFERENCES Mr. James Smith,Senior Accountant.

Innovative Business Services,Inc.

Jamaica Consuiting Services.

New York, N.Y

Mrs. Joyce Reed, Accountant.

Management Consulting Services.

New York,N.Y.

 

accountant специалист по составлению  финансо-

вых отчетов и ведению бухгалтерских

книг

bookkeeper бухгалтер

with emphasis здесь:со специализацией

books of accout бухгалерские книги

general ledger главная книга,гроссбух

accounts payable счета ,подлежащие оплате  самым

предприятием

accouts receivable счета, подлежащие оплате  клиеном

skills мастерсво, умение

kowledge знание,знакомство

ability способность

balace sheet балансовый очет

fincal финансовый

financial statement финансовый очет

oral устный

written письменный

to work under pressure работать под стресом

to handle справляться

receipt квитанция

 

Irene Neymam

2020 84th Streets,Apartmmennt#402

Jackson Heights ,N.Y.11372

Tel. (718) 456-8628

 

OBJECTIVE Commercial Artist.

 

SUMMARY Successful freelace artist for eight years

in such areas as sig painting,oil painting,

and design.Possesses considerable abilities

in a number of specialized areas of commer-

cial art. Has a talent to stimulate interest

for a variety of particular products,ideas,

and activities.

 

ACCOMPLISHMENTS Coordinated two different advertisement ideas

around one basic theme on a poster for Park

South Gallery. Designed a menu for Howard

Johnson. Also completed all exterior advertising.

 

EXPERIENCE Freelance Commercial Artist,New York

1981-present City

 

1975-1981 MOSFILM.Moscow, USSR. Designer.

 

EDUCATION Surikov A Institute. Moscow, USSR

1970-1975 Degree: M.A.in art and Design.

 

PERSONAL Arrived in the United States March,1981

Naturalized US citizen-September 15,1987

Married, one child. Eyesight-e[cellent.

 

PORTFOLIO Available upon reguest

 

comercial artist рекламный художник

freelance внештатный

design здесь:оформление

sign вывеска,плакат

to paint писать(картину и т. п)

considerable значительный

considerable abilities большие способности

area область

variety разнообразие

particular особый

advertisent объявление; здесь: реклама

basic основной

poster плакат

around вокруг; здесь: посвященный

exterior внешний, наружный

eyesight зрение

excellent отлично

available доступный

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

MY FAMILY

 

I am Alex Sidorov. Alex is my first name and Sidorov is my surname. I am seventeen years old. I want to tell you a few words about my family. My family is large. I've got a mother, a father, a sister, a brother and a grandmother. There are six of us in the family.

 

My mother is a teacher of biology. She works in a college. She likes her profession. She is a good-looking woman with brown hair and green eyes. She is forty-four but she looks much younger. She is tall and slim.

 

My father is a computer programmer. He is very experienced. He is a broad-shouldered, tall man with fair hair and grey eyes. He is forty-six. My father often sings and when we are at home and have some free time, I play the guitar and we sing together. My father knows all about new radio sets and likes to repair old ones. He is also handy with many things. When he was small, he liked to take everything to pieces. My grandmother told me a story that once my father tried to "repair" their kitchen clock. He managed to put all the wheels and screws back again — but the clock did not work. They had to give it to a repairman. But that happened a long time ago. Now he can fix almost everything: a vacuum cleaner, a washing machine, a fridge and what not. He's got a few shelves where he keeps everything he needs. On the table there's always a radio in pieces.

 

My parents have been married for twenty-six years. They have much in common, but they have different views on music, books and films. For example, my father likes horror films and my mother likes "soap operas". My father is fond of tennis. My mother isn't interested in sports. But my parents have the same opinion about my education and upbringing.

 

My parents are hard-working people. My mother keeps house and takes care of me and my father. She is very good at cooking and she is clever with her hands. She is very practical. My father and I try to help her with the housework. I wash the dishes, go shopping and tidy our flat.

 

My grandmother is a pensioner. She lives with us and helps to run the house. She is fond of knitting.

 

My sister Helen is twenty-five. She is married and has a family of her own. She works as an accountant for a small business company. Her husband is a scientist. They've got twins: a daughter and a son. They go to a nursery school.

 

My brother Boris is eleven. He is a schoolboy. He wants to become a doctor but he is not sure yet. Three months ago he dreamed of being a cosmonaut.

 

I want to become a student. I'd like to learn foreign languages. I think I take after my father. I'm tall, fair-haired and even-tempered. I always try to be in a good mood.

 

We've got a lot of relatives. We are deeply attached to each other and we get on very well.

 

 

Questions

 

1. What is your first name? What is your surname?

 

2. How old are you?

 

3. When is your birthday?

 

4. Is your family large? How many are you in the family?

 

5. Have you got any brothers or sisters?

 

6. What are your parents? Where do they work?

 

7. How long have your parents been married?

 

8. Do they have much in common?

 

9. Do you spend a lot of time with your family?

 

10. What sort of things do you do together?

 

11. Do you go out with your parents?

 

12. Who runs the house in your family?

 

13. What are your household duties?

 

14. What is your father's hobby?

 

15. Can you describe your mother?

 

 

MY WORKING DAY

 

On weekdays the alarm-clock wakes me up at 6.30 and my working day begins. I'm not an early riser, that's why it's very difficult for me to get out of bed, especially in winter. I switch on my tape-recorder and do my morning exercises. Then I go to the bathroom, take a warm shower, clean my teeth and shave. After that I go to my bedroom to get dressed.

 

Usually my mother makes breakfast for me. But when she is away on business or just doesn't have to get up early, I make breakfast myself. While having breakfast, I listen to the latest news on the radio.

 

I leave the house at 7.30 and go to the nearest underground station. Last year I tried to enter Moscow University, but unfortunately I failed my entrance examinations. So I thought I should work somewhere. It wasn't easy to find a job, but I managed to get a position of a secretary in a small business company. They agreed to take me because I had studied typewriting, computing and business organisation at school. And besides, I passed my English school-leaving exam with an excellent mark.

 

It takes me an hour and a half to get to work. But I don't want to waste my time on the train. I've got a small cassette-player and I listen to different texts and dialogues. Sometimes I read a book and retell it silently. If I come across an interesting expression I try to memorise it. I also write some English words on flashcards and learn them.

 

I usually arrive at work at ten minutes to nine though my working day begins at 9 sharp. There are always some fax messages to translate from English into Russian. Sometimes my boss wants me to write a letter to our business partners abroad. There are also a lot of phone calls which I have to answer.

 

At 1 o'clock in the afternoon we have lunch. We usually have lunch in a small cafe just round the corner. At 2 o'clock we come back to work. And we work hard till 5 o'clock.

 

During the working day we also have several short coffee breaks. But sometimes we have no time for them.

 

I come home at about 7 o'clock in the evening. My parents are usually at home, waiting for me. We have dinner together. Then we sit in the living room, drink tea, watch TV or just talk.

 

Occasionally I have to stay at work till 6 or even 7 o'clock in the evening. When we have a lot of things to do we go to work on Saturdays. So by the end of the week I get very tired. All I can do on Sundays is to sleep till eleven o'clock, watch television, listen to music and read something in English. And still I always look forward to my next working day because I like my job. I think I get a lot of useful experience.

 

 

Questions

 

1. Do you get up early? Is it easy for you to get up early?

 

2. Do you wake up yourself or does an alarm-clock wake you up?

 

3. Do you do morning exercises? Do you do your morning exercises to music?

 

4. Which do you prefer: a hot or a cold shower in the morning?

 

5. How long does it take you to get dressed?

 

6. What do you usually have for breakfast?

 

7. Some people look through newspapers or listen to the latest news on the radio while having breakfast. What about you?

 

8. When do you usually leave the house?

 

9. Do you work? Where do you work?

 

10. What do you usually do on your way to work (school, etc.)?

 

11. Where do you usually have lunch (dinner)?

 

12. What time do you come home?

 

13. How do you spend your evenings?

 

14. What time do you usually go to bed?

 

 

MY FRIEND

 

My best friend's name's Nick. We made friends a few years ago. We are of the same age. We live in the same block of flats, so we see each other almost every day.

 

Nick is a tall slender boy. He has got dark hair, large dark eyes, a straight nose and thin lips. He wears spectacles. He is a nice guy. He is very honest and just, understanding and kind. I trust him a lot and I'm sure that I can rely on him in any situation. He never lets people down. Nick is only 19 but he is very responsible — he finishes whatever he starts. He's got only one shortcoming — he is a bit stubborn. Nevertheless he is pleasant to deal with.

 

Nick's an only child and his parents love him very much. His father is a lawyer. He is the most brilliant man I've ever met. He knows everything there's to know about the law. His mother is a music teacher. No wonder Nick is so talented. He's got a very good ear for music. He likes jazz and plays the piano very well.

 

We spend a lot of time together. We often watch video or listen to music. Sometimes we go to the cinema or to the theatre, or walk around the centre of Moscow, visiting small cafes, museums, art galleries, shops. We talk for hours about all sorts of things (politics, love, teachers, girls). We discuss films, television programmes, books.

 

I never quarrel with Nick. But if there's some misunderstanding between us we try to make peace as soon as possible. What I like best about him is that he is always willing to help and share his knowledge, thoughts and feelings. I respect him for his fairness, strong will, intellect and modesty.

 

I miss Nick when we don't see each other for a long time. Without him I would feel lonely and uncomfortable. Our friendship helps me to feel strong and sure of myself.

 

 

 

Questions

 

1. Have you got a lot of friends?

 

2. What is your best friend's name?

 

3. How long have you been friends?

 

4. Where does he (she) live?

 

5. Do you often see each other?

 

6. Where did you meet for the first time?

 

7. What do you do in your free time?

 

8. What do you usually talk about?

 

9. Do you quarrel?

 

10. What do you like best about your friend?

 

11. Has he (she) got any shortcomings?

 

12. Do you think friendship depends on shared interests — hobbies and leisure activities?

 

13. Does it mean that if two people don't have common hobbies they can't be real friends?

 

14. What features do you like (dislike) in people?

 

 

HOW I WENT SHOPPING

 

One day my friend Nick and I decided to go shopping. I took my salary and Nick took his father's salary. Nick needed some new clothes badly. There are a lot of shops, supermarkets and department stores in the centre of the city, so we decided to go through some of them.

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